Lymphokine-activated killer (LAK) activity to cultured rat kidney parenchymal components in vitro

Abstract. The susceptibility of cultured rat kidney parenchymal components to natural killer (NK) cell and lymphokine-activated killer (LAK) cell-mediated lysis in a 4-h in vitro ⁵¹chromium assay was investigated. Large granular lymphocytes (LGL) in the spleen and in the kidney allograft were able to lyse YAC cells during rejection, but they did not damage target endothelial, glomerular mesangial, glomerular epithelial, or tubular cells in resting state. Stimulation of the target cells with gamma-interferon - known to induce MHC (class II) antigens on the target cell surface - did not make the target cells susceptible to NK-mediated lysis. LAK cells generated by a 3-day incubation with interleukin-2 (IL-2) effectively lysed both YAC and P815 target cell lines. LAK cells were also slightly cytotoxic to all tested parenchymal target components in resting state. Gamma-interferon treatment of the cultured parenchymal cells prior to the chromium release assay, however, reduced LAK-mediated parenchymal cell cytotoxicity to nearly nondetectable levels. Obviously, many lymphokines, including IL-2 and gamma-interferon, are produced during rejection at the site of inflammation. This might induce the generation of LAK cells in situ as the lymphokines induce the production of MHC antigens in the graft. We interpret these findings as indicating that regardless of the generation of LAK, the protective effect of gamma-interferon neutralizes the LAK effect, and we suggest that neither LGL nor LAK cells play any essential role in rat kidney allograft rejection.     

夏枯草抗Ⅰ型单纯疱疹病毒的实验研究

使用人胚肌皮单层细胞培养技术对中药夏枯草提取物抗I型单纯疱疹病毒作用进行了研究。结果：夏枯草提取物的无毒界限为≤1000μg/ml；四种给药途径中，同时给药途径，治疗给药途径，管外给药途径的最低有效量分别为50μg/ml,100μg/ml,250μg/ml；预防给药途径无效。     

HSV-2W株对Vero细胞分裂指数影响的研究

HSV-2 W株感染Vero细胞后,对细胞的分裂指数可产生以下影响:在一定作用时间内,接种病毒的细胞其分裂指数高于对照细胞而低于接种秋水仙素的细胞;接种病毒最多的细胞高于接种病毒量少的细胞;但超过一定时间,则差别不显著;接种病毒时间长的细胞低于接种病毒时间短的细胞;接种灭活病毒的细胞高于接种未来灭活病毒的细胞。根据以上结果就HSV-2对宿主的某些生物学作用讲行了讨论。     

培植牛黄药理作用的研究

用比较药理学研究方法,对培植牛黄与天然牛黄的主要药效和毒性在同等条件下进行了比较研究。结果表明,两者均具有镇静、抗惊厥、解热、抗炎、强心、降压作用,其作用强度与毒性也相近似。     

强脑因子生物学特性的实验研究

目的 探讨强脑因子对大鼠胎鼠脑神经细胞培养物的生物学保护效应 方法 取16日龄Wistar大鼠脑神经细胞经体外培养后,分别进行(1)组织形态学观察:在神经细胞培养物中加入不同剂量强脑因子(1 10和100mg/L),光学显微镜下观察细胞形态学变化 在电子显微镜下观察神经细胞超微结构变比;(2)神经细胞代谢活性检测:应用四唑盐(tetrazolium,MTT)法测定不同剂量强脑因子对神经细胞代谢活性的影响;(3)可溶性蛋白质水平测定:应用Bradford蛋白定量法测定不同剂量强脑因子对神经细胞胞浆内可溶性蛋白质水平的影响;(4)强脑因子抗神经细胞凋亡试验:应用神经元特异性烯醇化酶(neuron-specific enolase,NSE)定量法,测定强脑因子与奥地利产脑活素对NSE活性表达的影响。结果(1)强脑因子可促进神经细胞分化成熟 突起增多并延长、细胞数量增加。(2)在不同剂量强脑因子作用下 神经细胞MTT代谢率增强,细胞浆内蛋白质水平升高 而且随着强脑因子剂量的增加均呈现出明显的剂量依赖关系;促进NSE表达活性,利于神经母细胞分化(3)强脑因子可增强神经细胞抗缺氧作用及抗谷氨酸所致的细胞凋亡效应 且功效强于奥地利产脑活素 结论 在相同实验条件下,强脑因子对体外培养的神经细胞有生物学保护作用,效果优于脑活素     

藻酸双酯钠对培养神经细胞谷氨酸兴奋毒性的保护作用

目的 :观察藻酸双酯钠 (PSS)对培养神经细胞谷氨酸兴奋毒性的保护作用。方法 :体外培养大鼠胚胎皮层神经细胞 ,加入谷氨酸观察谷氨酸对神经细胞的兴奋毒性及PSS的保护作用。结果 :PSS 5 0 ,1 0 0 ,1 5 0mg·L-1能显著减少细胞死亡 ,降低乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)漏出量 ,一氧化氮 (NO)含量及丙二醛 (MDA)生成 ,提高超氧歧化酶 (SOD)活性。结论 :PSS对培养神经细胞谷氨酸兴奋毒性具有显著的保护作用 ,其机制可能与PSS抗脂质过氧化作用有关。     

Cytotoxicity of ethanol in primary cultures of rat midbrain neurons

Primary cultures of midbrain neurons were obtained from 15-day-old rat fetuses. Neuron cultures were exposed to ethanol (27 mM, 43 mM and 120 mM) for 24 h and evaluated by light microscopy, a viability measure, and protein content. Ethanol concentrations of 43 and 120 mM appeared to affect the cultures both in terms of cell viability and protein. This effect was independent of any osmotic effect, when sucrose was run as a control. We conclude that primary cultures of midbrain neurons are sensitive to relatively low concentrations of ethanol, compared to cell culture preparations used by other investigators.     

钼和硒对心肌细胞存活的协同作用

本文利用体外培养心肌细胞方法,通过直接观察钼和硒对心肌细胞生长发育及自发性收缩的影响,证明了钼和硒同时作用比钼和硒单独作用有更加明显之效果,即证明在这方面钼和硒具有协同作用。     

过氧化氢对体外培养的兔晶体上皮细胞凋亡的诱导

目的研究H2O2诱导兔晶体上皮细胞凋亡.方法采用终浓度250μmol/LH2O2处理兔晶体上皮细胞,分别用TUNEL法、流式细胞仪和透射电镜检测H2O2处理后的兔晶体上皮细胞.结果用H2O2处理后的兔晶体上皮细胞,TUNEL法可见胞核呈棕褐色着染,苏木素不能复染;流式细胞仪检测到约9.6×105细胞出现亚二倍体峰,二倍体峰几近消失;透射电镜下细胞膜完整,但表面微绒毛消失,细胞质浓缩,胞浆内细胞器结构不清晰,并见大量大小不等的空泡,核质比例增大,胞核呈圆形,核膜双层结构不清,呈光滑状,核内染色质聚集成块,部分染色质边集.结论终浓度250μmol/LH2O2可以诱导兔晶体上皮细胞发生凋亡.     

Hormesis Can and Does Work in Humans

If we accept the validity of the general concept of physiological hormesis as being the phenomenon of achieving health beneficial effects by exposure to mild stress, then hormesis is being applied already and successfully to humans. The evidence for this is the well-demonstrated health benefits of regular and moderate exercise. Mild stress-induced activation of one or more intracellular pathways of stress response are central to this. Experimental studies performed on human cells in culture exposed to mild heat shock and other stresses provide biochemical and molecular evidence in support of the application of hormesis to human systems. Although several issues remain to be resolved by more research with respect to the extent and duration of hormetic exposure, making use of the cellular stress response pathways can facilitate discovering novel hormetins for human applications.